Thirty years of reform and opening, Chinas economy has achieved remarkable results.However, it also brought several problems for the healthy development of our economy.Two most prominent issues are the shortage of the resources and the environmental pollution.Our dependence on oil imports is now over 50%.Imports of soybeans each year is 3 times of domestic soybean production.Water and air pollution have not been prevented fundamentally.CO2 emissions remain high.Industrial biotechnology is a brand new industrial core technology based on biocatalysis and biotransformation and it is important mean and way to develop our resource saving and environmentally friendly economy.Industrial biotechnology promises to be a fundamental solution to the shortage of resources for human development and to the prevention of environmental pollution which are two most important issues in China.