Learning to read: Individual differences and Cultural Constraints special requirement of reading.Great individual differences (varying from dyslexia to fast readers) and cultural influences have been observed in this process,although the genetic,neural and cognitive mechanisms have yet to be fully uncovered.In this talk,I will present a series of cross-culture studies we conducted to examine the factors that associated with individual differences in reading,and the uniqueness and commonality of this association in different countries,such as Chinese and United States.The implications of these results to our understanding and intervention of reading difficulties will be discussed.