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With the advent of globalization,the study of traditional regionalism has transformed from classic regionalism to new regionalism.New regionalism theory focuses on the local changing relationships,regional development policy,and much stress on internal development under decentralization.Based on analysis framework of Michael Keatings article “RETHINKING THE REGION”,this article mainly stress on culture,structure,the impact of economic development on the region and take Spain Catalonia and Galicia as a case study.In Taiwan,after Ma Ying-jeou was elected as President in 2008,the Amendments of local Government Act was implemented and hoped to form three metropolitan regions to strengthen international competitiveness.Due to various factors,five special municipalities were formed and approved instead of three,which also change the competitive-cooperative relationship among Taipei City,New Taipei City,and Keelung City.Kaohsiung metropolitan area which integrated the existing Kaohsiung City and County successfully,with Kaohsiung Harbor and a strong base in the manufacturing sector,the greater Kaohsiung has turn into a center of southern Taiwan.Facing the competition among cities,Taipei and Kaohsiung metropolitan areas cannot play as individual city to compete with other international cities,but look for cooperation with heavily dependent neighboring cities.Under development of the hinterland and sharing resources,Taipei and Kaohsiung metropolitan areas have to intensify the role and function as a core city to implementation of the concept of the development of urban areas,and together face competition and challenges from other international cities.