Polymorphism of 79 wild and 10 cultivated strains of Xianggu (Lentinula edodes) strains collected from eight provinces in China were assessed using microsatellites (simple sequence repeat, SSR) markers developed from the whole genome sequence of cultivated strain L 135.Genetic diversity among all the strains was determined using 198 SSR primer pairs to amplify stable bands representing markers that were evenly distributed throughout the entire genome.