在对待宋代士家妇女群体社会地位的历史变化,陈东原与伊佩霞代表着两种不同的审美观念和价值判准。从学理上讲,由于角度差异,进入每位观察者视野中的历史景象往往会互不相同,因而它们各自所截取对象呈现出来的意义亦必不相同。与唐代相比,宋代士家妇女随着整个社会愈来愈倚重男性而发生了比较突出的变化。尤其是科举向一般平民开放,导致芸芸士子不得不全身心投入到整个科举过程之中,这样,士大夫就成了整个宋代家庭的中心。此时,士家妇女的角色也必然随之发生一种适应性变化,“相夫教子”即是士人对她们社会生活和道德责任的一种规范。当然,在这个由宋代士大夫主导的社会角色转变过程中,士家妇女受害程度相对较深。它从一个侧面说明宋代妇女地位的逐渐走低是一个总体的历史发展趋势。 In dealing with the historical changes of the social status of Shisi women’s groups in Song Dynasty, Chen Dongyuan and Yipei Xia represent two different aesthetic concepts and value judgments. From a theoretical perspective, because of differences in perspectives, the historical scene in the field of view of each observer tends to differ from one perspective to another, so the meaning of each of the objects they intercept will be different. Compared with the Tang Dynasty, the scholarly women in the Song Dynasty experienced more prominent changes as the society as a whole relied more and more on men. In particular, the imperial civil examinations were open to ordinary civilians and led all the scholars to devote themselves whole-heartedly to the entire imperial examination process. Thus, the scholar-officials became the center of Song family. At this time, the role of women’s homes also inevitably accompanied by a kind of adaptive change, “husband and wife child ” is the scholars of their social life and moral responsibility of a norm. Of course, during this shift in the social role led by the Song Dynasty scholar-officials, Shijia women suffered relatively less. It shows that the gradual decline of women’s status in the Song Dynasty is an overall trend of historical development from one aspect.