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This study examines the relationship between the global integration trend,globalization,and carbon dioxide emissions.Based on a panel data from 1971 to 2010in 71 countries,I find the effect of globalization on carbon dioxide emissions is asymmetric in OECD and non-OECD nations.In OECD nations,globalization is positively associated with CO2 per capita before 1999 and the relationship becomes negative afterwards,after accounting for fossil fuel consumption and economic development.The association is opposite in non-OECD nations.The results in dicatethat increasing global integration mitigates the negative environmental effects in affluent countries,while less developed counties may suffer from ecologically unequal exchange as globalization progresses.The findings for this study highlight the need for future research and policies to identify the mechanisms through which the environmental risk transfer takes place in a closely connected world.