一、引言在现代社会,公民参与公共管理活动,不仅在形式上赋予公民表达利益的机会,而且也是维系公民与政府之间沟通关系,保持政府公共决策合法性的基础。十届人大二次会议《政府工作报告》指出:“要进一步完善公众参与、专家论证和政府决策相结合的决策机制,保证决策的科学性和正确性。加快建立和完善重大问题集体决策制度、专家咨询制度、社会公示和社会听证制度、决策责任制度。”将公众参与和专家认证、 I. INTRODUCTION In modern society, the participation of citizens in public management activities not only gives citizens opportunity to express their interests in form, but also serves as a foundation for maintaining the communication between citizens and the government and for maintaining the legitimacy of government public decision-making. The Report on the Work of the Government at the Second Session of the Tenth National People’s Congress pointed out: “We must further improve the decision-making mechanism of combining public participation, expert argumentation and government decision-making so as to ensure the scientific and correct decision-making and speed up the establishment and improvement of a collective decision-making system for major issues , Expert consultation system, social publicity and social hearing system, decision-making responsibility system. ”The public participation and expert certification,