新疆东天山成矿带是我国重要的Fe、Cu、Ni多金属成矿带之一(Mao et al.,2005;王登红等,2006),天湖铁矿床是位于东天山成矿带东段的大型铁矿床(陈毓川等,2008)。本文在野外调查基础上,详细研究了矿床地质特征,初步提出成因认识,为今后正确建立矿床模型提供依据。1成矿地质背景天湖铁矿床大地构造上处于中天山地块东 The East Tianshan metallogenic belt in Xinjiang is one of the important Fe, Cu, Ni polymetallic metallogenic belts in China (Mao et al., 2005; Wang et al., 2006). The Tianhu iron deposit is located in the eastern segment of the East Tianshan metallogenic belt Of large iron ore deposits (Chen Yuchuan et al., 2008). Based on the field investigation, this paper studied the geological characteristics of the deposit in detail and initially put forward the understanding of the cause, which provided the basis for the correct establishment of the deposit model in the future. 1 Metallogenic Geological Background The Tianhu iron deposit is geologically located on the east of the Zhongtian Mountain massif