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Objective To discuss the prevention and treatment of seroma in open preperitoneal approach repair of bilateral inguinal hernias and the effect on the patients.Methods 90 patients with bilateral inguinal hernias,admitted in our Hospital from January 2014 to January 2016,were divided into observation group and control group randomly and treated with open preperitoneal approach repair.Datas about the characterers and volume of the drain,the temperature curve,the wound healing and the length of hospital stays of patients between two groups were observed and analyzed.Results The observation group preperitoneal drainage tube for the majority of light red serum like fluid drainage,postoperative drainage volume was 24 h on average(81.7 ± 16.4)ml,with significant postoperative 24-48 h mean flow difference(P < 0.05).Classification of pain after operation in the two groups,no significant postoperative urinary retention,chronic pain,wound infection and other complications of difference(P > 0.05); but the observation group postoperative seroma,5 d after operation,hospitalization time and average temperature were lower than that of control group(P < 0.05); two patients were followed up after surgery,patients were followed up for 6 months showed no recurrence in 1 cases.The incidence of seroma type and treatment effect of patients within 1 months after the operation: the observation group of 2 cases of type Ⅰ,type Ⅱ 1 cases; control group Ⅰ 2 cases,Ⅱ 2 cases,without treatment can be restored; the observation group of 1 cases of type Ⅲ B,control group 5 cases,were treated with symptomatic treatment after the restoration; the observation group Ⅳ type a 1 cases,group Ⅳ type a 3 cases,were treated by local drainage and give pressure after 3 times of treatment,patients get better.Conclusion In the open bilateral inguinal hernia repair surgery in the peritoneal space before placing drainage tube can reduce the incidence of complications in patients with serum,reduce the average temperature of 5d and shorten the length of hospital stay.Accurate classification of serum,and the early implementation of symptomatic treatment can effectively control the serum.