Lesions to the fimbria fornix (FiFx) plus cingulate bundle (CB), the principal routes of communication of forebrain cholinergic regions, produce lasting impairment of spatial learning and memory in mice.We report that extensive neurogenesis takes place in the FiFx, CB and basalis magnocellularis (MBN) following FiFx plus CB transection.Immunofluorescence revealed that nestin-expressing cells were present in all three areas following lesion; the majority of nestin-positive cells were also positive for 5-bromo-2-deoxy-uridine (BrdU) incorporation, a marker of DNA synthesis.Nestin-positive proliferative cells were almost entirely absent from unlesioned tissue.