Many species in the Cryphonectriacene cause diseases of trees,including those in the genera Eucalyptus and Syzygium.During discase surveys on these trees in South China,fruiting structures typical of fungi in the Cryphonectriaceae and associated with dying branches and stems were observed.Morphological comparisons suggested that these fungi were distinet from the well-known Chrysoporihe deuterocubensis,also found on these trees in China.The aim of this study was to identify these fungi and evaluate their pathogenicity to Eucalyptus clones/speeics as well as Syzygium cumini.Three morphologicaly similar fungal isolates collected previously from Indonesia were also include in the study.Isolates were characterized based on comparisons of their morphology and DNA sequence data for the partial LSU and ITS nuclear ribosomal DNA,β-tubulin,and TEF-1α gene regions.Following glasshouse trials to select virulent isolates,field inoculations were undertaken to screen different commercial Eucalyptus clones/species and S.cumini trees for susceptibility to infection.Phylogenetic analyses showed that the Chinese isolates and those from Indonesia reside in a clade close to previously identified South African Celoporthe isolates.Based on morphology and DNA sequence comparisons,four new Celoporthe spp.were identified and they are described as C.syzygii,C.eucalypti,C.guangdongensis and C.indonesiensis.Field inoculations indicated that the three Chinese Celoporthe spp.,C.syzygii,C.eucalypti and C.guangdongensis,are pathogenic to all tested Eucalyptus and S.cumini trees.Significat differences in the suseeptibility of the inoculated Eucalyptus clones/speeics that it will be possible to select discase tolerant planting stock for forestry operations in the future.