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Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular genetic characterstics of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) 1A duplication.Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel and electrophoresis were used to detect the short tandem repeats (STR) sequences of D 17S2217, D 17S2218, D17S2220, D 17S2226, D 17S4A, D 17S9A and D 17S9B situs on chromosome 17p11.2-p12 in an attempt to reveal the gene duplication status in 17 CMT1 patients.Heterozygosity of STR D17S2217, D17S2218, D17S2220, D17S2226 and 4A was analyzed in 55 normal controls.Results: The heterozygosity of each STR is 89.5%,80.4%,63.6%,67.9% and 60% respectively in healthy people.About 88.2%(15/17) and 76.5%(13/17) of CMT1 patients were detected gene duplication using D17S2217+9B and D17S2217+D17S2218 respectively.Only 11.8%(2/17) was detected gene duplication using D17S2220 or 9A.Conclusion: Analyses of short tandem repeats sequence with PCR is a relatively convenient and accurate method for detecting gene duplication status in CMT cases for clinical diagnosis.It is more ideal to detect gene duplication for CMT1A patients combineding the detection of D17S2217、 D17S2218 and 9B situs with high heterozygosity and detection rates.