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根据设计要求给出天线的辐射方向图来完成对天线阵列的单元数目的选择、单元间距、馈电幅度、相位分布的设计,称为天线阵列的综合。对于给定了阵元的间距和数目的天线阵列来说,就仅需要设计其各单元激励电流的幅度以及相位的分布。本文给出了一种利用遗传算法对给定的赋形方向图进行优化设计的方法,在对其解空间的搜索过程中实现了全局搜索,避免了过早陷入局部收敛,且收敛速度较快,并选取了微带天线这一类经典的天线阵列单元进行了仿真验证,最终得到的辐射方向图满足设计要求。
The radiation pattern of the antenna is given according to the design requirements to complete the selection of the number of elements of the antenna array, the design of the cell spacing, the feeding amplitude and the phase distribution, which is called the synthesis of the antenna array. Given the array spacing and number of array elements, it is only necessary to design the amplitude and phase distribution of the excitation current for each cell. In this paper, we present a method of genetic algorithm to optimize a given shape map. In the search of its solution space, a global search is achieved, which avoids premature convergence into local convergence and fast convergence , And selected the classic antenna array unit such as microstrip antenna to carry on the simulation verification. The final radiation pattern meets the design requirements.