Signal cross-talks are important concepts for coordinated plant morphogenesis.During vascular development,xylem cell differentiation is negatively controlled by a ligand-receptor system,TDIF-TDR signaling.Recently,we found that BIN2-BES1 signaling functions downstream of TDIF-TDR signaling pathway in controlling xylem cell differentiation (Kondo et al.,2014).BIN2 and BES1 are known as key components of BR signal transduction pathway.Indeed,several studies have revealed that BR signaling is involved in the promotion of xylem cell differentiation (Cano-Delgado et al.,2004;Yamamoto et al.,2007).These findings suggest the possibility that TDIF signaling is integrated with BR signaling in regulation of xylem cell differentiation.