Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL)is a rare and highly malignant tumor in the central nervous system.Even with the development of the non-Hodgkins lymphoma therapeutic strategies, PCNSL still has the worst prognosis.The development of a regimen based on highdose methotrexate, which has become generally recognized,has resulted in significant changes in PCNSL treatment.Early diagnosis, surgical resection, and effective radiotherapy and chemotherapy are essential in extending the survival period and improving the quality of life of patients with PCNSL.