Objectives: The present study used HOMIM, a 16S rRNA-based microarray with oligonucleotide probes for over 300 bacterial species, to determine those bacterial species associated with and without caries in children from China.Methods: Supragingival plaque was collected from 20 healthy subjects (Controls) and from 20 caries subjects (Patients).Bacterial profiles of DNA isolated from samples were determined using the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray (HOMIM).