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Objective: To investigate reproductive and developmental toxicities of male fetus rats and testosterone synthesis of fetal Leydig cell (FLC)exposed by PFOS in utero.Methods: The pregnant rats were exposed to PFOS at dose of 5, 10, 20 mg·kg-1.d-1 by gavage from gestation day 11 to 19.Body weight, body length, testes weight and anogenital distance (AGD) of male fetus rats were measured after exposure.The numbers of FLC was observed by 3β-HSD staining.Intra testicular testosterone (ITT) concentration was detected by Enzyme-Linked ImmunosorbentAssay (ELISA).The mRNA of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), Insulin-like factor 3 (INSL-3), cytochrome P450 cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) and scavenger receptor class B typeI (SR-BI) were detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR.Results: Compared with control group, body weight, body length, testes weight and AGD decreased in high dose group (P<0.01).The number of FLC reduced in middle and high group (P<0.01).ITT was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05) whereas increased in middle and low group.The mRNA expression of StAR, INSL-3, P450scc and SR-BI was down regulated in high group, but StAR was up regulated in middle group (P<0.01).Conclusion: PFOS has reproductive and developmental toxicities to FLC, Different dose of PFOS have different influences.The mechanism might be associated with INSL-3 and testosterone synthesis.