Fear conditioning is an associative learning in which a conditioned neutral stimulus is paired with an aversive unconditioned stimulus to elicit fear response.Repeated exposures to conditioned stimulu
Cell-type specific differences in the kinetics of inhibitory postsynaptic conductances (IPSCs) impact upon network dynamics throughout the brain.Much attention has been focused on how GABAA receptor a
The investigation of mitochondrial abnormalities in brain commonly requires isolation of these organelles.Methods for isolating brain mitochondria rarely rely solely on differential centrifugation as
Objective:Increasing evidences have shown that subtle factors in parents can influence long-term health in their offspring.Although the impacts of exercise-induced maternal development on fetal size a
Aim:This study was designed to investigate rhythmic expression of NCX1 and circadian clock genes as well as their interference in either cultured HL-1 cells or fresh isolated neonatal rat ventricular
Lipid metabolic disruption is related to many diseases,such as obesity,diabetes,and increased risk of certain cancers.We recently demonstrated that the conditioned medium from adipocytes has a pro-pro
Alzheimers disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease,and the pathogenesis of AD is complex.Amyloid beta peptide (Ab) plays a important role in triggering AD processes including inflamm