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Sigma receptor (σR) is a unique receptor family,which includes two subtypes:σR1 and σR2.Activation of σR1 is involved in the modulation of a series of physiological processes in the central nervous system,such as neuronal firing,neurotransmitter release and the activity of various ion channels.Our previous work showed that σR1 was expressed in most of rat inner retinal neurons,including ganglion cells (GCs).