实物交换，本是人类最早的一种社会交换方式。按照一般的理解，在原始社会末期就出现了剩余产品以及相互交换的需要。但最初不仅交换行为异常简单，而且完全是一种“投挑报李”式的实物交换。据考在四五千年之前的神农、唐尧时代，中国就出现了以物易物的直接交换方式。《易经 Physical exchange, this is the earliest human form of social exchange. According to the general understanding, there was a need for surplus products and mutual exchange at the end of primitive society. But at first, not only the exchange behavior was extremely simple, but it was entirely a kind of “pick-and-file” type of physical exchange. It is estimated that in the Shennong and Tangyao dynasties four to five years ago, there was a direct exchange of barter in China. "I Ching