The flow within and above plant canopies in estuarine wetlands is normally turbulent in the inter-stem space.Turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) is mainly produced due to vortex shedding from individual st
The tetrahedron penetrating frame, which is made by six square cross-section columns, has been widely used in river engineering as a new effective scour countermeasure in China.In this paper, experime
A good knowledge of erosion processes during dike breaching is essential to evaluate the extent of the flood.So this paper presents the results of a new series of laboratory experiments on erosion of
Most river engineers believe that a river flow can be divided into three parts by division lines.The hypothesis is receiving much attention, and many believe it is only a mathematical treatment to sim
A box groyne is composed of various types of single groyne to satisfy the different river ecological requirements.In order to create an appropriate watery and sedimentary environment for aquatic life
Experiments were conducted using PIV technique to study the flow structure in vegetated open channel.Rigid cylinders were used to simulate vegetations and they were planted in a staggered pattern with
Flood mitigation dams (FMDs) in the normal condition permits the flow pass through the bottom outlet unobstructed.Meanwhile, a large percentage of river inflow can be temporarily stored within the res
Fullerenes are spherical molecules composed of pentagons and hexagons.Endohedral fullerenes, which possess outer surface available for chemical modification and inner space capable of encapsulation of
Flow-vegetation interaction has been a key research topic for river management.This study aims to clarify the effects of emergent vegetation patches on water depth, large vortices which develop along
Graphenes have attracted increasing interest from various disciplines, among which electrochemistry is a particular area where graphenes have both fundamental and applied significance.It is known that