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机构的致歉行为在通过语言实施时,致歉信中语言运用的策略直接影响其致歉的社会效果。本文通过对2013年6月24日中国足球协会公开发布的致歉信进行批评话语分析,探讨机构作为致歉方实施致歉行为时,其致歉的社会效果与致歉信中话语策略的关系。话语分析的内容在“互动层面”(Fairclough,2003)涉及致歉信的整体结构与互语现象,以及语言运用中的及物性、人称代词和名词化等问题,在“结构层面”(Fairclough,2003)涉及话语秩序和语体链这些体现致歉信发布机构与球迷听众社会关系的话语问题。如此这般对中国足球协会致歉信的批评话语分析,或许对这封致歉信未能获得球迷的接受提供一种解读,也可为机构性致歉信成功实施致歉行为提供话语层面的支持。
When an institution’s apology is implemented in a language, the tactics of language use in a letter of apology directly affect the social effects of apology. This essay analyzes the social effects of apology and the discourse strategies in apologetic letters by conducting a critical discourse analysis of the public letter of apology issued by the Chinese Football Association on June 24, 2013 to discuss the apology of the institution as an apology. The content of discourse analysis is related to the overall structure and the phenomenon of mutual language of apology as well as the problems of physical properties, personal pronouns and nominalization in the use of language at the “level of the structure” in Fairclough (2003) (Fairclough, 2003) Discourse on discourse and the chain of letters, which reflect the social relations between the issuing agency and the fans’ listeners, is a matter of discourse. Such a critical discourse analysis of a letter of apology to the Chinese Football Association may provide an explanation for the failure of this letter of apology to receive the acceptance of the fans. It may also provide a discourse support for the successful implementation of the apology letter by the institutional letter of apology.