20世纪70年代,随着矫正主义的失败和正义模式的回归,在西方社会中,对被害人这一长期忽视的群体越来越重视。例如,在政治领域,形形色色的被害人权利运动;在刑事司法领域,恢复性司法理念的兴起,等等。根据联合国经社理事会《运用恢复性司法方案于犯罪问题的基本原则》宣言草案,恢复性司法(restorativejustice)是指运用恢复性过程或目的实现恢复性结果的任何方 In the 1970s, with the return of the revisionist failure and the model of justice, in the Western world, the victim group, a long-neglected group, was given more and more attention. For example, in the political arena, various forms of victims’ rights movement; in the field of criminal justice, the rise of the concept of restorative justice, and so on. In accordance with the UNECE Declaration on “Fundamental Principles for the Application of Restorative Justice Programs in Criminal Matters”, restorative justice refers to any party that achieves a restorative outcome using a restorative process or purpose