The number of cases of peripheral nerve extrusion,drag,and cleavage caused by car accidents,sharp instruments and trauma is increasing.The repair of long-distance peripheral nerve injury using tissue engineered nerve grafts (TENGs) containing seed cell is a promising technique.Skin-derived precursor cells are piuripotent cells that were recently found in the hair follicle of skin basal lamina.They have been successfully induced to differentiate into Schwann cell-like cells in vitro that are able to form into myelin sheath-like structures.However,the direct injection used in the previous studies has many uncontrollable factors,such as loss of seed cells and uncharacterized cell states.Three-dimensional dynamic culture can simulate a microgravity environment,and avoids the effects of gravity on cell and tissue culture,creates an in vivo-like three-dimensional culture environment,benefits the spatial distribution of seed cells,promotes the proliferation in vitro,and facilitates intracellular substance exchange.The present study constructed TENGs using Schwann cells,which were induced to differentiate from skin-derived precursor cells,and chitosan/PLGA scaffolds in a three-dimensional rotation culture system.Then,these TENGs were used to repair 10 mm adult Sprague-Dawley rat sciatic nerve defects.After 12 weeks postoperatively,the affected limb was evaluated by tests of locomotion,electrophysiology,morphology,and morphometry.The results showed that the TENGs repaired the sciatic nerve injury,and the regenerated nerves were showed well recovery in morphological structure,physiological function,and reinnervation of target muscles.This study explored an efficient and easy-to-standardized method for preparing the TENGs and evaluated the therapeutic effect of transplantation of these TENGs in rats,providing experimental evidence for their clinical application.