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本文综合论述民用航空发动机的现状与发展趋势。根据对民用航空发动机的经济性和可靠性的基本要求出发,从理论上分析了发动机的增压比、涡轮前燃气温度和涵道比等主要参数对发动机性能的影响关系。概括介绍了当前世界上主要的民用涡扇发动机的基本数据、结构特点和应用情况,包括目前主要航空发动机制造商正在研制的GE90-115B、GP7200等高性能涡扇发动机。在此基础上,对民用航空发动机的发展趋向和若干技术关键问题做了扼要的分析,并呼吁加强新型航空发动机的创新研究。
This article comprehensively discusses the current situation and development trend of civil aeroengine. Based on the basic requirements of economy and reliability of civil aviation engines, the relationship between the main parameters such as engine supercharging ratio, turbine front gas temperature and bypass ratio on engine performance is theoretically analyzed. The basic data, structural characteristics and applications of the main civil turbofan engines in the world are introduced in brief, including the high performance turbofan engines such as GE90-115B and GP7200 which are being developed by the major aeroengine manufacturers at present. On this basis, this paper gives a brief analysis of the development trend of civil aviation engines and some key technical issues, and calls for strengthening the innovative research of new aeroengines.