Cordyceps militaris(L.) Link has been recently used as functional food and medicine in China.In comparison with C.sinensis, C.militaris contains similar biochemical components but a greater quantity of anti-cancer component cordycepin.For its significant medicinal effect,the market demand of artificial C.militaris has been continuously increasing.The unstable variation in forming fruiting-body is however a key restrictive factor in industrial production.Therefore it should be questioned whether these strains are truly the anamorphs of C.militaris?To reveal its genetic variation and the relationship between different C.militaris strains and its allies is important.