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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an essential role in inhibiting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) via several different pathways.However, one major obstacle for its clinical application is the lack of effective miRNA delivery vectors.In this study, we have successfully loaded anti-miRNA-181b, a potent endogenous tumor suppressive molecule in HCC, into functionalized gold nanocages (PTPAuNCs) to obtain a novel tumor targeting miRNA delivery system, designated as FA/anti-miR-181b/PTPAuNCs (PTPAuNC-NPs).