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The essential oil from Chenopodium ambrosioides has been recognized as an important natural source of medicine and for controlling stored-grain pests.In this study,the bioactivities of the essential oil and its two main components,α-terpinene and p-cymene,were evaluated for the first time against a cosmopolitan pest,the diamondback moth(DBM),Plutella xylostella.The contact and fumigant toxicity of the essential oil significantly decreased with the age of the DBM larval instars.