Objective: Research of bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy (TBLB) in post-lung transplant recipients(LT) with a clinical indication,analyse pathology of lung tissues.In order to determine diagnostic value and safety of transbronchial lung biopsy in post-lung transplant patients.Methods: 13 LT recipients performed at the 1st affiliated hospital of Guangzhou Medical College from April 2003 to March 2010 are chosen,include 12male and 1 female,aged from 30 to 50.a 1 week to 41months period of following clinical observation was given after operation.TBLB was given with a clinical indication.Results: Pathology analysis of 24 bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy (TBLB) in 13 lung transplant recipients(LT):Acute rejection (AR) was disclosed in 29.2% of procedures,while the percentage of Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome(BOS) and infection were 29.2% and 25.0%.Only 1 TBLB(4.1%) contained no lung parenchyma and 12.5% showed non-specificity results.87.5% of all the lung pathologic analysis accord with clinical reality.Infection(5/6 was found Aspergillus) coincidence was achieved in 100%.The overall complication rate was 4.1% with no deaths recorded.Conclusions: Pathology Properties of pulmonary allograft major in Acute rejection (AR),Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome(BOS) and infection.Transbronchial Lung Biopsy in post-Lung Transplant Patients has a high diagnostic yield and rarely fails to provide adequate tissue.TBLB for LT is a safe and effective examine technique.