Sapium sebiferum(L.)Roxb.,from Euphorbiaceae family,is a Chinese unique economic trees with a cultivation history of more than 1400 years.It is a multiple use woody plant in energy,pharmaceutics,landscape tree.Due to its high oil content,well adaptibility and wide distribution,S.sebiferum has the potential to be one of the main raw material trees for biodiesel fuel in China.To improve the oil production and quality,it is imperative to modify various agronomic traits of S.sebiferum via molecular breeding.However,the application of biotechnology for genetic improvement is dependent on the efficient plant regeneration system.As we known,it is a great challenge for woody plant tissue culture due to multiple reasons.In the present study,plant regeneration system of S.sebiferum was established through direct or indrect shoot organogenesis and direct somatic embryogenesis pathways.