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目的了解广东省学生月经初潮(简称初潮)和首次遗精(简称首遗)年龄及变化趋势,为制定性教育政策和措施提供依据。方法利用1991—2010年广东省学生体质健康调查研究数据,采用概率单位回归法计算初潮和首遗年龄。结果 2010年城市女生初潮年龄早于乡村;男生首遗年龄在经济欠发达地区城市早于乡村,经济较好地区乡村早于城市;在2000年前9年间,女生初潮年龄、男生首遗年龄分别推后了0.25、0.60岁,在2000年后10年间分别提前了0.85、0.44岁;在1991—2010年19年间,女生初潮提前了3.8个月/10年,男生首遗仍推后了1.0个月/10年。结论广东省学生初潮和首遗年龄存在城乡差异,近19年男生首遗年龄呈退后现象,女生初潮年龄仍存在提前的长期变化趋势。
Objective To understand the age and changing trend of students’ menarche (first menarche) and first spermatorrhea (first mover) in Guangdong Province, and to provide the basis for formulating sex education policies and measures. Methods According to the data of Guangdong Province Students Physique Health Survey from 1991 to 2010, the first menarche and the first age were calculated by the method of probability unit regression. Results In 2010, the age of girls in urban areas was earlier than that in rural areas. The first surviving age of boys in urban areas was earlier than that in economically underdeveloped areas and the rural areas in economically advanced areas were earlier than the urban areas. In the first nine years of 2000, the age of girls, Push 0.25,0.60 years old, respectively, in the 10 years after 2000, respectively, 0.85,0.44 years earlier; in 1919-2019 years, the girls menarche 3.8 months earlier / 10 years, the first result of the boys still pushed back 1.0 Month / 10 years. Conclusions The first trimester and the first surviving age of students in Guangdong Province have the difference between urban and rural areas. The first surviving age of students in the past 19 years has been withdrawn, and the long-term trend of early menarche exists in girls.