Proteins constitute critical building blocks of life, forming biological materials such as hair, bone, skin, spider silk or cells.These mechanical properties of protein materials play an important role in providing stability for biological systems, and are also vital for many important biological functions such as mechanosensation and gene regulation.However, the fundamental deformation and fracture mechanisms of biological protein materials remain largely unknown, partly due to a lack of understanding of how individual protein building blocks and assemblies of proteins respond to mechanical load.Here we employ an innovative approach that combines theoretical analyses based on continuum-statistical theories and large-scale atomistic based multi-scale simulation implemented on supercomputers, to develop predictive models of the deformation and fracture behavior of protein materials.