The naturally displayed peptide repertoires of healthy tissues and tumors of the human body function as an entry point for the design and development of novel therapeutic vaccines.These therapeutic vaccines are based on those HLA-bound peptides from the peptide repertoires which constitute the subset of peptides that is present in high copy numbers only on tumor cells.Among thousands of different HLA class I peptides from many different antigens expressed by human tumor cells are many that are expressed equally in tumor and healthy cells from the same tissue.