Social behavior is probably one of the most complex cognitive functions produced by the human brain, marked by at least two unique features. First, decision-makers need to learn about actions and intentions of others within the social environment. Second, social values(e.g., social status or others’ well-being) are often integrated into reward evaluation during interpersonal interactions. Previous work has primarily explored functional maps of brain regions involved in social cognitive capacities. Here, I seek to go beyond localization and examine mechanisms by which the brain anticipates actions or consequences of others with value-based goals to produce decisions within interpersonal interactions. I will present examples from my past work to demonstrate how such a quantitative approach can provide novel insights into neurobehavioral computations that mechanistically connect social perception and behavior under a variety of social contexts.