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Objective To study about the differences between Alzheimers disease(AD)and vascular dementia(VaD)in the levels of serum homocysteine,uric acid and C-reactive protein.Methods A total of 56 patients with AD,122 patients with VaD and 56 healthy controls were tested.Data of serum homocysteine,uric acid and C-reactive protein in AD and VaD was analyzed and compared with those in healthy control group,respectively.Results The homocysteine levels of AD and VaD was significantly higher than those in the controls(P=0.000,0.000).The C-reactive protein levels of AD were significantly lower than those in the controls and VaDs(P=0.000,0.000).The differences of uric acid levels in these three groups were not statistical significant(P=0.153).Conclusions Homocysteine might be the common risk factors for both AD and VaD,and hyperhomocysteinemia may accelerate the dementia.These two different types of dementia would have similar pathogenesis.And treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia may benefit the patients with dementia.Detection of C-reactive protein and other biomarkers of inflammation may do help to differentiate AD and VaD in clinical practice.