Opioid receptors play an important role in mediating spinal analgesia.Among them, μ-opioid receptor (MOR) is the major target of opiate drugs extensively u
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus and have been reported to play an important ro
Neural stem cells (NSCs) were studied as a potential donor for treatment of many neurological diseases,because of their abilities to self-renew and differen
Neuronal diversity, in large part, depends on the distinct morphology of dendrites that function as the receiving end of presynaptic axonal inputs or sensor
During mammalian evolution, surface areas of the cerebral cortex increase markedly leading to gyrus formation or folding to fit into a limited cranium.
Mice use their whiskers on the snout to obtain spatial information and discriminate object shape and texture.This tactile sensory pathway is topographically
Human autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a neural developmental disorder hallmarked by significantly reduced brain size and variable intelle
Background-Heart is one high ATP consumingorgan that account for 5%, approximately, of the total oxygen demands.One hallmark of heart failure isswitched met