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Dendrobium is one of endangered genus in the orchid family with both supernatural medicinal and horticultural value.Two preliminary genetic linkage maps were constructed with 90 F1 progeny individuals derived from an interspecific cross between D.nobile and D.moniliforme (both, 2n =38), using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR).A total of 286 RAPD loci and 68 ISSR loci were identified and used for genetic linkage analysis.The maps were constructed by applying the double pseudo-testcross mapping strategy with software MAPMAKER/EXP Version 3.0, and the Kosambi map distances were constructed using a LOD score ≥ 4 and a recombination threshold of 0.4.At last, the frame map of the D.nobile was 1,474 cM in total length with 116 loci distributed in 15 linkage groups; and the D.moniliforme linkage map had 117 loci placed in 16 linkage groups spanning 1326.5 cM.Both maps showed 76.91% and 73.59 % genome coverage for D.nobile and D.moniliforme, respectively.These primary maps provide an important basis for genetic studies and further medicinal and horticultural traits mapping and marker-assisted selection in Dendrobium breeding programs.