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Background The aim of the study is to investigate whether cilostazol suppresses intimal hyperplasia and to elucidate its mechanism.Methods We examined the effects of cilostazol to the expression of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) mRNA and protein, superoxide generation and neointimal hyperplasia of the rat carotid artery after balloon injury.The injury was performed inserting the balloon catheter through the rat common carotid artery and after14 days.