都市佛教是最近十来年出现的新名词,本文作者通过对这个概念的考察,认为都市佛教是现代佛教的信仰方式,并从现代性的视角,透视了都市佛教兴起的历史背景:一是鸦片战争以后,在通商口岸,天主教势力蛮横,不断制造教案,引起中国人的极大反感。二是中国封建社会的僧管制度,在清末新政中失去运转机制。三是在通商口岸和租借地里形成的现代都市经济(市场经济)成为汉传佛教复兴的经济基础。 Metropolitan Buddhism is a new term appearing in the past ten years. By examining this concept, the author thinks that Metropolitan Buddhism is the way of belief in modern Buddhism. From the perspective of modernity, the author looks into the historical background of the rise of urban Buddhism. First, the Opium War Later, at the ports of commerce, the Catholic forces were arrogant and constantly making lesson plans, arousing great resentment from the Chinese people. Second, the monk system in the feudal society in China lost its operation mechanism during the new policy of the late Qing Dynasty. Third, the modern metropolitan economy (market economy) formed in the treaty ports and the rented land has become the economic basis for the revival of Chinese Buddhism.