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为研究波浪循环荷载作用过程中,细粒土沉积物抗侵蚀性特征的演化及其发生机制,在现代黄河三角洲北部及东北部选择两个典型研究区(遭受严峻侵蚀的车子沟渔村试验区及基本处于侵淤平衡的黄河海港试验区)进行了一系列波浪荷载模拟试验、侵蚀水槽试验及沉积物物理力学性质测试。试验结果发现:原车子沟渔村试验区沉积物抗侵蚀性在无波浪荷载作用或较短的波浪荷载作用条件下,普遍高于黄河海港研究区,但由于其更显著的液化特性,该区沉积物抗侵蚀性更容易被波浪荷载作用降低,这是造成车子沟渔村研究区遭受严峻潮滩侵蚀的重要原因。另外,结合试验结果,对两个研究区沉积年代及沉积物粒度成分特征的分析可知,波浪荷载作用导致海床下部细粒物质向上输运这一次生改造作用加速了海床沉积物的“粗化”进程,从而推进海岸带地区细粒沉积物抗侵蚀性特征的演化。
In order to study the evolution and mechanism of anti-erosion characteristics of fine-grained soil sediments during the cyclic loading of the waves, two typical study areas (Chezigou Fishing Village Experimental Area suffering from severe erosion) and the northern part of the Yellow River Delta A series of wave load simulation tests, erosion tank tests and sediment physical and mechanical properties tests were conducted. The test results show that the erosion resistance of the sediment in the former Chezigou fishing village is generally higher than that of the Yellow River seaport under the condition of no wave load or short wave load. Due to its more obvious liquefaction characteristics, The anti-erosion property is more likely to be reduced by the wave load, which is an important reason for the severe tidal flat erosion in the study area of Chezigou fishing village. In addition, combined with the test results, analysis of the sedimentary age and sediment grain size features in the two study areas shows that the secondary transformation of fine-grained matter under the seafloor caused by the wave loading accelerates the “ Roughening ”process so as to promote the evolution of anti-erosion features of fine-grained sediments in the coastal zone.