Many signaling cascades are originated from cell membrane to sense environmental changes and transduce signals into cells in order for cells to make adaption to
The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) acts as a master switch of anabolic and catabolic states by sensing the change in cellular levels of adenine nucleotides
Glucose transporters, exemplified by the disease-related human proteins GLUT 1-4, are essential for cellular uptake of glucose.GLUT1 is responsible for constant
Dosage compensation processes evolved to balance genome expression in species with sex chromosome monosomies.In flies, the male-specific lethal (MSL) complex ex