Mine spoil areas are a continuing source of heavy metal contamination for the surrounding environments via the erosion by wind and running water.Revegetation of the mine spoils may be an effective method to reduce the heavy metal spread,because the covering plants can stabilize heavy metals into plant biomass,and also can limit the movement of tailings by wind However,vegetation has been established difficultly in spoil areas due to the scarcity of available nutrients and high levels of toxic heavy metals.Ectomycorrhizal(ECM)fungi can form mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship with host plants,enhancing nutrient and water uptakes and possibly alleviating heavy metal toxicity.