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运动具有神经保护作用,但其机制仍远未阐明。近年研究表明,作为缺血预适应的特殊手段,运动预处理能诱导脑缺血耐受,具体机制包括:促进血管和神经再生、调节炎症反应、抑制谷氨酸及其受体过度激活、保护血脑屏障、抑制氧化应激和凋亡、改善纹状体功能、激活神经胶质细胞等,从而减少了缺血后神经元损伤和脑梗死体积。深入研究运动的神经保护作用,特别是运动预处理诱导脑缺血耐受的机制,将为预防和康复缺血性脑中风提供新的思路,同时也为在缺血性脑中风危险人群/患者中推广、应用运动疗法提供理论依据。
Exercise has neuroprotective effects, but the mechanism is still far from elucidated. In recent years, studies have shown that as a special means of ischemic preconditioning, exercise preconditioning can induce cerebral ischemic tolerance, the specific mechanisms include: promoting blood vessel and nerve regeneration, regulating inflammatory response, inhibiting glutamate and its receptor over-activation, protecting Blood-brain barrier, inhibition of oxidative stress and apoptosis, improvement of striatal function, activation of glial cells and the like, thereby reducing the postischemic neuronal damage and cerebral infarction volume. In-depth study of motor neuroprotection, especially motor preconditioning induced cerebral ischemic tolerance mechanism, will provide new ideas for the prevention and rehabilitation of ischemic stroke, but also for people at risk of ischemic stroke / patient In the promotion, the application of exercise therapy to provide a theoretical basis.