A central question in vision is how the cortex integrates local cues to form global representations along the visual hierarchy.Orientation is a key feature of a given contour and the generation of ori
Narcolepsy is a lifelong sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness,cataplexy,hypnagogic hallucinations,and disturbed nocturnal sleep.
Objective Insomnia induces anxiety and is also one of the most common symptoms of anxiety.However,the mechanism underlying anxiety and insomnia or sleep deprivation(SD)interaction remains to be elucid
Sleep is known as a brain state that increases the clearance of neurotoxic waste products and promotes learning-related synapse formation and maintenance.
Drug addiction is a chronic relapsing brain disease and has close interaction with sleep disorders which are its significant risk factors and may lead to drug addiction and relapse.
The basal ganglia(BG)are the largest structures in the forebrain and consist of four majornuclei,the striatum,globus pallidus,subthalamic nucleus,and substantia nigra.
The basal forebrain(BF)plays a crucial role in cortical activation.However,the exact role of cholinergic BF neurons in the sleep-wake cycle remains unclear.