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In order to study the effect of element Nb on the microstructure and properties of the biomedical Ti-15Mo base alloys, Ti-15Mo-xNb(x=5, 10, 15 and 20wt%) alloys have been investigated.Experimental results indicated that crystal structure and morphology of the Ti-15Mo-xNb alloys were sensitive to their niobium contents.Ti-15Mo-xNb alloys matched those for β phase peaks no any phases were found.The Vickers hardness values of all the Ti-15Mo-xNb alloys are higher than 200HV.The compression yield strength of the Ti-15Mo-5Nb alloy is the lowest and that of the Ti-15Mo-15Nb alloy is the highest.The dry wear resistance of Ti-15Mo-xNb alloys against Grl5 ball was investigated on CJS111A ball-disk wear instrument.For all the Ti-15Mo-xNb alloys, the friction coefficient was not constant but took a higher value.In dry condition, SEM study revealed deep parallel scars on the wear surfaces of all the Ti-15Mo-xNb alloys under different load.The friction coefficient of the Ti-15Mo-5Nb alloy under 1N load is the lowest.The wear principal mechanism for Ti-15Mo-xNb alloys is adhesive wear.