Spatial learning and memory are impaired in diabetic animals.The interaction of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with the receptor of AGEs (RAGE),resulting in the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB),plays an important role in pathways leading to the cytotoxic effects to neurons.Danshensu,a compound from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge,has neuroprotective effects.This study aimed to investigate the role of AGE-mediated neuroinflammation in learning and memory deficits and the effect of Danshensu on the cognitive decline in diabetic mice.