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Given the tremendous growth in the application of titanium dioxide nanoparticles(TNPs), concerns about the potential health hazards of TNPs to humans have been raised.Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), a highly conserved DNA-binding protein, is involved in many molecular and cellular processes.Limited data demonstrated that certain nanomaterials induced the aberrant hypermethylation of PARP-1.However, the mechanism involved in TNP-induced PARP-1 abnormal methylation has not been studied.