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Purpose:The aim of the study was to investigate the expression of mitogen activated protein kinase p38(p38MAPK),nuclear transcription factor kappa B(NFκ B)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in rats with high intensity exercise,and the effects of procyanidines.Methods:With random number table,40 SPF SD eight-week rats were divided into 4 groups as follows:the sedentary control group(SC group),the sedentary nutrition group(SN group),the exercise control group(EC group),the exercise nutrition group(EN group).The exercise control and exercise nutrition groups were assigned to an increasing load swimming training for 6 weeks.The sedentary nutrition and exercise nutrition groups were gavaged with 500 mg/(kg·d)dose procyanidines for 6 weeks.We determined the content of TNF-α and IL-6 in spleen tissue of rats by ELISA.We detected the mRNA content of p38MAPK and NF κB by RT-PCR.We measured the phosphorylated protein content of p38MAPK and NFκB by Western blot.The data was examined by SPSS 21.0 statistical software,the difference among groups was analyzed by one-way ANOVA.P<0.05 represented significant difference,P<0.01 represented very significant difference.Results:The results showed that the content of TNF-α in EC group was significantly higher than SC group(p<0.01);and that in EN group was significantly lower than EC group(p<0.01).The content of IL-6 in EC group was significantly higher than SC group(p<0.01);and that in EN group was significantly lower than EC group(p<0.05).The mRNA content of p38MAPK in EC group was lower than SC group(p<0.01);and that in EN group was higher than EC group.The mRNA content of NFκB in EC group was higher than SC group;and that in EN group was significantly lower than EC group(p<0.05).The phosphorylated protein content of p38MAPK in EC group was higher than SC group,and that in EN group was lower than EC group.The phosphorylated protein content of NFκB in EC group was higher than SC group,and that in EN group was lower than EC group.Conclusions:The results indicated that the expression of p38MAPK,NFκB,TNF-α,IL-6 in rats with high intensity exercise presented similar trend,high intensity exercise improves the activity of p38MAPK and NFκB signaling molecules,and increases the content of TNF-α and IL-6,thus leads to inflammation reactions in rats.Procyanidines inhibits the activity of p38MAPK and NFκB signaling molecules,and reduces the content of TNF-α and IL-6,and may attenuate the inflammation reactions by regulating the p38MAPK/NFκ B signaling pathway,thereby regulates the homeostasis of the immune system.