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作者首先在叙述历史的基础上,概括了新自由主义的典型形态。20世纪60年代末,资本积累危机导致了凯恩斯主义的破产,资产阶级力图通过新自由主义改革来重建阶级统治。在国内,对政府进行自由化重构,向工人权益和社会福利进攻,对国有企业和公共部门实行私有化,放松金融与行业管制等;国际上,强行拆除国家壁垒,推动贸易和投资自由化。新自由主义是统治精英组织阶级力量、在阶级斗争中打击工人和社会反抗的结果,因此,虽然在经济增长绩效方面表现平平,但在恢复上层阶级统治方面却极为成功,而同一时期的资本积累也带有很强的剥夺式特征,即更多地通过财富再分配而不是新生产来实现利润。新自由主义有着各种内在矛盾,如个体自由与专制倾向之间,动听言词与悲惨后果之间,因此在自身内部不断滋生出各种反对文化,而作为统治阶级对这种内在矛盾的主要应对方式,新保守主义无非是剥去伪装的新自由主义。文章最后探讨了替代新自由主义的其他各种方案,指出了反新自由主义斗争的社会广泛性和庞杂性。但总的来说,阶级斗争将是关键,而民主要求将是核心。
The author first summarizes the typical forms of neo-liberalism on the basis of narrating history. The crisis of capital accumulation led to the bankruptcy of Keynesianism in the late 1960s, and the bourgeoisie sought to re-establish class rule through neoliberal reform. In our country, we have to liberalize the government, attack the rights of workers and social welfare, privatize the state-owned enterprises and the public sector, and relax the financial and industrial control. At the international level, we must forcibly remove state barriers and promote trade and investment liberalization . Neoliberalism, which ruled the elite organizational class forces as a result of fighting against workers and social resistance in the class struggle, was extremely successful in restoring the upper class rule, albeit mediocre in economic growth performance, while capital accumulation in the same period It also has a strong deprivation characteristic of making profits more through redistribution of wealth rather than new production. Neo-liberalism has all kinds of internal contradictions, such as individual freedom and autocratic tendencies, pleasant words and tragic consequences, so in their own constantly breed a variety of opposition culture, and as the ruling class’s primary response to this internal contradictions Way, neo-conservatism is nothing but stripped of camouflage neo-liberalism. Finally, the article explores alternative alternatives to neo-liberalism and points out the social extensiveness and complexity of the anti-neoliberal struggle. But in general, class struggle will be the key, and democratic demands will be the core.