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After the Meiji Restoration, Japan was from feudal country into a capitalist country. As civilization developing, many new western things was introduced into japan. With material civilization developed, There was also some negative impacts. Author Miyazawa Kenji was born inthe late Meiji Restoration.Miyazawa Kenji is Japanese famous author of fairy tales. In his short37years,hehas lefta large number of works of famous fairy tales. Because the Miyazawa Kenji was just living Japanese civilization period, so we can see that although his thoughts were under the influenceof two different cultures,estern culture and western culture,they also showed the critique to Japan mondernize. And, he displayed his critique of cleverly in literary works, and establishedit as a thought.<A Well-Ordered Restaurant>is the representative work of Miyazawa Kenji, from which we can see much criticism of the civilization. With <A Well-Ordered Restaurant> as a research object, this work analysis civilization criticism in literary,after that the writer also discussed the feature of it and the causes of formation.<A Well-Ordered Restaurant> was written by Miyazawa Kenji after he returnedhome,which He experienced life, seven months of Tokyo after running away from home. Cansay,it is Miyazawa Kenji urban experience life and work on the basis of religion. In this work,Miyazawa Kenji clearly expressed the view of nature (local) criticism and human nature,containing the irony of strong. At any time to read this piece, there will be new meaning.Based on the above research purpose, this thesis consists of the following three parts.The first part, explains the research motive, purpose, research significance and theresearch content and advance at home and abroad, new and difficult.The second part is the body, made up of four chapters. Described in Japanese modernliterature overview of civilized criticism around<A Well-Ordered Restaurant>, after analysisof Miyazawa Kenji works in the performance and characteristics of civilized criticism, andthen points out the reasons for the formation of the critical spirit of civilization.The third part draws the conclusion. By studying<A Well-Ordered Restaurant> mining the irony in Miyazawa Kenji governance literature, clarify civilized criticism.